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Cryptanalysis of the Transposition Cipher

The basic idea is to try to recreate the transposition process to recover the plaintext.  Since there are several different methods available to encrypt a message using transposition techniques, we will show a rectangular transposition as an example.  Given the ciphertext:

MRSOT TSXEC OIAPU EMSTS EYCRE IDTTC IM

Since the text consists of 32 characters, the possible rectangles are:

2 x 16

MSTSEOAUMTECEDTI
ROTXCIPESSYRITCM

or 4 x 8

MEME
RCSI
SOTD
OIST
TAET
TPYC
SUCI
XERM

or 8 x 4

MTEAMEET
RTCPSYIC
SSOUTCDI
OXIESRTM

Counting the number of vowels in each row is:

2 x 16

MSTSEOAUMTECEDTI - 7
ROTXCIPESSYRITCM - 5

You would expect to see about 0.4 x 16 or 6.4 vowels per row.  This would give a deviation of:

(7.0-6.4) = 0.6

for the first row and a deviation of:

(5.0-6.4) = -1.4

for the second row. The total deviation of all rows would be (ignoring the negative sign) is:

1.4 + 0.6 = 2

and the average deviation would be:

2.0/2.0 = 1.0

This arrangement is unlikely to be the rectangle used to encrypt the message. 

or 4 x 8

MEME - 2
RCSI - 1
SOTD - 1
OIST - 2
TAET - 2
TPYC - 1
SUCI - 2
XERM - 1

You would expect to see about 0.4 x 4 or 1.6 vowels per row.  This would give deviations of:

(2.0-1.6) = 0.6
(1.0-1.6) = -0.6
(1.0-1.6) = -0.6
(2.0-1.6) = 0.6
(2.0-1.6) = 0.6
(1.0-1.6) = -0.6
(2.0-1.6) = 0.6
(1.0-1.6) = -0.6

The total deviation of all rows would be (ignoring the negative signs) is:

0.6 + 0.6 + 0.6 + 0.6 + 0.6 + 0.6 + 0.6 + 0.6 = 4.8

and the average deviation would be:

4.8/8.0 = 0.6

This arrangement is closer to the expected 0.4 value. 

or 8 x 4

MTEAMEET - 4
RTCPSYIC - 2
SSOUTCDI - 3
OXIESRTM - 3

You would expect to see about 0.4 x 8 or 3.2 vowels per row.  This would give a deviations of:

(4.0-3.2) = 0.8
(2.0-3.2) = -1.2
(3.0-3.2) = -0.2
(3.0-3.2) = -0.2

The total deviation of all rows would be (ignoring the negative sign) is:

0.8 + 1.2 + 0.2 + 0.2 = 2.4

and the average deviation would be:

2.4/4.0 = 0.6

This arrangement is closer to the expected 0.4 value. 

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